Allergies

Allergies occur when the immune system reacts to a substance (allergen) as if it were harmful. Symptoms can range from mild (such as sneezing) to severe (including anaphylaxis).

Symptoms

  • Sneezing
  • Itching
  • Runny or stuffy nose
  • Hives
  • In severe cases, anaphylaxis (a life-threatening reaction)

Complications

  • Chronic sinusitis
  • Asthma exacerbations
  • Severe, life-threatening anaphylaxis

Medications

  1. Antihistamines: Block histamine to reduce symptoms like sneezing and itching.
  2. Decongestants: Help reduce nasal congestion.
  3. Corticosteroid Nasal Sprays: Reduce inflammation in the nasal passages.

Lifestyle Considerations

  • Identify and avoid allergens
  • Maintain a clean environment
  • Use air purifiers to reduce allergen exposure

Effective management of allergies involves a combination of medication and lifestyle adjustments to alleviate symptoms and prevent complications.